Genetic test APOL1 is part of national genetic testing available on the NHS and will help identify if potential donors carry genes that mean they have a high risk of kidney disease after donation. For potential kidney donors of Black African and Black Caribbean heritage can now get a simple blood test to help reduce the risk of kidney failure.

The apolipoprotein L1 (APOL1) gene is a genetic factor that increases the risk of kidney disease in people of African or Caribbean descent. The APOL1 gene is part of a family of genes on chromosome 22 that are thought to play a role in innate immunity.

Following APOL1 testing, those shown to be at high risk of developing kidney failure later in life, and who are under 60 years old, will be advised against kidney donation.The genetic test for potential donors could also help prevent future kidney disease and reduce healthcare inequalities among people of Black African and Black Caribbean heritage who are more likely to develop kidney disease than those of White heritage.

Those found to be at higher risk of kidney disease will be able to receive regular monitoring and kidney check-ups as well as given advice around lifestyle changes and diet which can help reduce their risk of developing kidney disease in the future. Each year around 1,000 people choose to donate one of their kidneys to someone with kidney failure.